Ruby

 A ruby is a precious stone, a type of mineral called corundum, which is known for its deep red color. Rubies are one of the most valuable and sought-after gemstones in the world, and are often considered a symbol of luxury, power, and passion.

Here are some key characteristics of a ruby:

• Color: Rubies are typically a deep, rich red, although they can range in color from pink to purplish-red. The most valuable rubies have a vibrant, saturated red color with a slight blue undertone.
• Hardness: Rubies are extremely hard, with a Mohs hardness of 9, which is just below diamonds. This makes them very durable and resistant to scratching and wear.
• Crystal structure: Rubies have a hexagonal crystal structure, which gives them a unique appearance and optical properties.
• Clarity: Rubies often have inclusions, such as rutile needles or growth tubes, which can affect their clarity. However, some rubies are considered "eye-clean," meaning that they appear to be free of inclusions to the naked eye.
• Cut: Rubies are often cut into oval or cushion shapes to maximize their brilliance and fire.
• Rarity: Rubies are relatively rare, particularly in high-quality sizes and colors. This rarity, combined with their beauty and durability, makes them highly valuable.
• Fun Fact: Saphires are also corundum. Only RED corundum is considered a ruby. Every other hue is a saphire- even pink!

Rubies have been prized for centuries for their beauty and symbolic meaning. In many cultures, rubies are associated with love, passion, and power, and are often used in jewelry and other decorative objects to signify wealth and status. Today, rubies remain a popular choice for engagement rings, anniversary gifts, and other special occasions.